databases/sqlite3: Update to 3.40.0
ChangeLog: https://www.sqlite.org/releaselog/3_40_0.html
* Add support for compiling SQLite to WASM and running it in web browsers.
* Add the recovery extension that might be able to recover some content from a
corrupt database file.
* Query planner enhancements:
* A new typedef named sqlite3_filename is added and used to represent the name
of a database file.
* Add the sqlite3_value_encoding() interface.
* Security enhancement: SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE is augmented to prohibit
changing the schema_version.
* Enhancements to the PRAGMA integrity_check statement:
* Enhance the VACUUM INTO statement so that it honors the PRAGMA synchronous
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